The Importance of Grammar and Coherence in TOEFL Writing

Article Level: C2

Explanation: This article explores why grammar and coherence are essential in TOEFL writing. It highlights how grammatical accuracy and logical flow work together to create clear, persuasive essays, ultimately helping test-takers achieve higher scores in the writing section.

Commonly Used Words from the Article

1. Coherence /kəʊˈhɪərəns/ (noun): Logical and orderly connection of ideas.

   Coherence is key to ensuring the essay flows smoothly from start to finish.

2. Nuanced /ˈnjuː.ɑːnst/ (adjective): Showing subtle differences or distinctions.

   His nuanced argument revealed a deep understanding of the topic.

3. Detract /dɪˈtrækt/ (verb): To reduce the quality or value of something.

   Frequent spelling mistakes detract from the essay’s credibility.

4. Articulate /ɑːˈtɪkjʊlət/ (adjective): Able to express ideas clearly and effectively.

   She is an articulate writer whose ideas are always well-expressed.

5. Sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/ (adjective): Complex or developed to a high degree.

   Using sophisticated grammar can elevate the quality of your writing.

    

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The Importance of Grammar and Coherence in TOEFL Writing

Achieving a high score in the TOEFL writing section requires more than just advanced vocabulary or impressive ideas. At its core, excellence in TOEFL writing hinges on two fundamental pillars: grammar and coherence. These elements not only enhance clarity but also reflect the writer’s command of the English language, crucial in an academic or professional setting.

Grammar serves as the structural backbone of any well-written composition. In the TOEFL exam, grammatical accuracy is non-negotiable. Examiners look for varied sentence structures, proper verb tenses, agreement between subjects and verbs, and the correct use of articles, prepositions, and modals. Grammatical errors, even minor ones, can significantly detract from the message, reducing the essay’s overall impact.

Furthermore, sophisticated grammar use—such as cleft sentences, conditionals, or passive constructions—demonstrates a nuanced understanding of the language. Consider the difference between “People say the policy is unfair” and “It is said that the policy is unfair.” The latter reflects a formal tone more suitable for TOEFL writing, potentially impressing evaluators.

Coherence, on the other hand, pertains to the logical flow and organisation of ideas. A coherent essay guides the reader effortlessly from one idea to the next. This is achieved through clear topic sentences, appropriate transitions, and logical progression of arguments. A disjointed essay, regardless of its grammatical perfection, risks confusing the reader and thus failing to convey its message effectively.

To develop coherence, writers must outline their thoughts clearly before writing. Organising the essay into an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion is essential. Each paragraph should focus on one central idea, supported by examples and explanations, and linked to the next with transition words such as “moreover,” “consequently,” or “in contrast.”

In the TOEFL context, where time constraints and performance pressure are significant, practising these skills under timed conditions is invaluable. Reviewing sample essays and dissecting their grammatical and structural choices can also help writers internalise best practices.

Ultimately, grammar and coherence are not standalone components; they function in tandem. Grammatically correct sentences that are well-structured and logically sequenced lead to writing that is not only readable but also persuasive and impactful. In the TOEFL exam, mastering these aspects could mean the difference between a good score and a great one.

Grammar Notes

• Grammar Focus: Passive voice, cleft sentences, modals, and transitions.

Lesson:

• Passive Voice: Used for formality and when the subject is unknown or unimportant.

Example: “The decision was criticised by many.”

• Cleft Sentences: Emphasise a particular part of the sentence.

Example: “It was the grammar that improved the clarity.”

• Modals: Show necessity, possibility, or ability.

Example: “Writers must organise their thoughts.”

• Transitions: Ensure flow between ideas.

Example: “However,” “In addition,” “As a result.”

 

Five Questions Based on the Article

• Why are grammar and coherence considered fundamental in TOEFL writing?

• How can passive voice enhance the formality of your TOEFL essay?

• What role do transitional phrases play in achieving coherence?

• Why might grammatical errors diminish the impact of an otherwise well-argued essay?

• How does outlining an essay before writing support logical organisation?
  
  
  

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